Lenacapavir is being described as one of the most promising tools in the fight against HIV. Known by brand names such as Yeztugo (for prevention) and Sunlenca (for treatment), it belongs to a new class of HIV drugs called capsid inhibitors. Unlike current daily pills, lenacapavir is adminsited as an injection only twice a year. For South Africa, where HIV continues to affect millions, this development could be transformative.

Why Lenacapavir Matters

The HIV capsid is the protective shell around the virus. Lenacapavir works by blocking this shell’s ability to function properly at different stages of the virus’s life cycle. Because targets multiple stages of the virus’s life cycle, it remains effective against HIV strains resistant to other medicines.

Globally, lenacapavir has already been approved for people with multidrug-resistant HIV-1, but it has the potential to be better than pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In July 2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended lenacapavir as a new HIV prevention option.

Clinical Results Show Positive Results 

Trials have shown extraordinary results. In one test, cisgender women who received lenacapavir had zero new HIV infections. In another trial, involving cisgender men, transgender, and gender-diverse participants, infection rates dropped by about 96% compared to background levels.

Across both trials, over 99.9 % of participants receiving lenacapavir stayed HIV negative. A large comparison also confirmed that the injection was more effective than the daily pill Truvada.

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South Africa’s HIV Challenge

About 7.8 million South Africans, roughly 12.7 % of the population live with HIV. Each year, more than 200,000 new infections are recorded, with young women and girls leading the way.

Daily PrEP pills come with challenges such as stigma, long clinic visits, and costs. A twice-yearly injection could remove these problems.

When Will It Arrive ?

The  government has signaled interest in rolling out lenacapavir at more than 300 public clinics between 2026 and 2028, especially in high-burden districts. Before that, it needs approval from SAHPRA (South African Health Products Regulatory Authority) and inclusion on the Essential Medicines List, which allows public procurement.

Funding is also a factor. The Global Fund has already budgeted around R513 million to help South Africa secure supplies, even before generics hit the market.

The $40 Breakthrough

In the United States, branded lenacapavir can cost up to USD 28,000 per year, which is expensive for many people. But in September 2025, a global deal was struck that will allow lenacapavir to be available for just USD 40 (about R730) per year across low and middle-income countries, starting in 2027.

This price is lower than what South Africa currently spends on daily PrEP pills, which cost about R629 per person annually . If the country is included in the deal, the cost barrier that has long slowed new HIV technologies could finally be overcome.

Challenges Ahead

Many are looking towards  SAHPRA and other policy bodies to give the greenlight for its use. Clinics will need to adapt by managing injections and tracking patients. Communities need to be educated about the injection and its benefits.

The Bottom Line

Lenacapavir offers a opportunity to reshape the global fight against HIV. With near-100% protection in trials and a plan to bring the price to $40 per year, this is a welcome development.

As HIV continues to affect millions of lives, lenacapavir could become the tool that turns the tide. The next few years are crucial as this breakthrough is expected to change millions of lives.

Vitamins aren’t just another part of a balanced diet, they play a vital role in the body and brain. When the right vitamins are taken, your body becomes healthier and your cognitive abilities improve. Here are seven vitamins that can benefit your body and brain, making you perform to the best of your abilities.

Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is essential for the nervous system. It helps the brain function better and lifts your mood. This vitamin supports the body by producing more red blood cells which carry oxygen. Lack of enough B12 will make you tired, sluggish, and forgetful. Eggs, fish, lean meats, and milk are good sources of this vitamin.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is also known as the “sunshine vitamin. This is because it is believed that moderate exposure to sunlight will give you this nutrient. It plays a crucial role in nerve growth and reduces depression. You should consider eating salmon, yolks, and dairy products to have more of these vitamins.

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is best known for keeping your vision sharp, but it also supports brain development and function. It protects neurons and helps regulate gene expression in the nervous system. In the body, it boosts immunity and keeps your skin and tissues healthy. Carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and dairy products are excellent ways to add Vitamin A to your meals, and most brightly colored fruits and vegetables are rich in it too.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is best known for protecting against colds, but its benefits run deeper. For the body, it strengthens the immune system and helps heal tissues. For the brain, it acts as a powerful antioxidant, protecting your brain cells from damage and supporting memory. Oranges, strawberries, kiwi, bell peppers, broccoli, and even a glass of orange juice are all rich in Vitamin C.

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Vitamin E

Vitamin E is like a shield for your cells. It protects both body and brain from oxidative stress, which can speed up aging and memory decline. For your body, it keeps your skin, vision, and immune system strong. For your brain, it’s linked to better cognitive function and slowing age-related decline. You can get plenty of Vitamin E from almonds, hazelnuts, sunflower seeds, spinach, and oils such as olive or sunflower oil.

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 is the behind-the-scenes helper that keeps your body and brain chemistry balanced. It supports the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen, and helps break down proteins for energy. For the brain, it’s vital in producing serotonin and dopamine — the “feel-good” chemicals that affect mood and focus. Chicken, turkey, bananas, potatoes, and fortified cereals are all good sources of this vitamin.

Vitamin K

Vitamin K is often overlooked, but it’s essential. For the body, it helps your blood clot properly and strengthens bones. For the brain, research shows it supports cognitive health and protects against conditions like Alzheimer’s by aiding in the production of brain-protective fats. You’ll find it in leafy greens such as kale, spinach, and broccoli, as well as in fish, eggs, and certain cheeses.

Conclusion

Your body and brain are constantly working, and vitamins are the silent partners that keep everything running smoothly. From sharper memory and stronger focus to healthier bones and a stronger immune system, the right nutrients make a big difference. Instead of relying only on supplements, the best way to get these vitamins is through a colorful, balanced diet full of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Small, consistent choices in what you eat can truly supercharge both your body and your brain.

For many decades, hair relaxers have become part of the haircare products of African women. This is because they are used to straighten hair. However, recent studies have linked these products to uterine fibroids. Fibroids can cause pain and, in some cases, affect fertility. Let’s learn more about uterine fibroids, the connection with relaxers, and alternatives to consider.

About Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids are abnormal growths that are found around the uterus. They are common among women of reproductive age. In some cases, they press on surrounding pelvic organs, which may cause discomfort.

What Are Hair Relaxers? 

Hair Relaxers are products made from strong chemicals. Some of these chemicals are known to tamper with hormonal activities. Due to the sensitive nature of fibroids, Because fibroids are sensitive to hormones, researchers at North Western University suggest that frequent exposure to chemicals in relaxers could increase the risk of fibroids.

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The Connection

A study by the National Institutes of Health found that women who regularly used hair relaxers appeared more likely to develop fibroids compared to those who did not. However, some scientists aren’t that convinced. Their argument is based on the fact that other factors like diet, genetics, and body weight can also cause fibroid growth. Since relaxers are applied directly to the scalp, chemicals may be absorbed into the body, raising concerns.

Why Black Women Are More Affected 

Many Black women relax their hair monthly, which increases exposure to these chemicals. Black women also have higher rates of fibroids globally, which has prompted researchers. Society also plays a huge role as women are judged based on physical appearance.

Safer Choices For Women 

Although research is still ongoing, those concerned about the risk of Fibroids should limit their use of hair relaxers. Other alternatives to consider are braids, wigs, and other natural hairstyles. For those who still want to use hair relaxers, it is important to check labels. Avoid those with harmful preservatives and choose only quality products.

Final Thoughts 

While research is still ongoing, some studies link chemicals in hair relaxers to uterine fibroids. This doesn’t mean every woman who uses relaxers will develop fibroids. If you use them regularly, consider limiting exposure, or go for safer alternatives. Most importantly, regular gynecological check-ups and paying attention to menstrual changes remain the best way to stay informed about your health.